Influence of Child Abuse on Adult Depression: Moderation by the Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Gene

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dc.contributor.authorBradley, R. G., Binder, E. B., Epstein, M. P., Tang, Y., Nair, H. P., Liu, W., ... & Stowe, Z. N.
dc.date.accessioned2017-04-18T16:05:11Z
dc.date.available2017-04-18T16:05:11Z
dc.date.issued2008
dc.description.abstractContext: Genetic inheritance and developmental life stress both contribute to major depressive disorder in adults. Child abuse and trauma alter the endogenous stress response, principally corticotropin-releasing hormone and its downstream effectors, suggesting that a gene × environment interaction at this locus may be important in depression. Objective: To examine whether the effects of child abuse on adult depressive symptoms are moderated by genetic polymorphisms within the corticotropin-releasing hormone type 1 receptor (CRHR1) gene. Design: Association study examining gene × environment interactions between genetic polymorphisms at the CRHR1 locus and measures of child abuse on adult depressive symptoms. Setting: General medical clinics of a large, public, urban hospital and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. Participants: The primary participant population was 97.4% African American, of low socioeconomic status, and with high rates of lifetime trauma (n=422). A supportive independent sample (n=199) was distinct both ethnically (87.7% Caucasian) and socioeconomically (less impoverished). Main Outcome Measures: Beck Depression Inventory scores and history of major depressive disorder by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders. Results: Fifteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms spanning 57 kilobases of the CRHR1 gene were examined. We found significant gene × environment interactions with multiple individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms (eg, rs110402, P=.008) as well as with a common haplotype spanning intron 1 (P <.001). Specific CRHR1 polymorphisms appeared to moderate the effect of child abuse on the risk for adult depressive symptoms. These protective effects were supported with similar findings in a second independent sample (n=199). Conclusions: These data support the corticotropin-releasing hormone hypothesis of depression and suggest that a gene × environment interaction is important for the expression of depressive symptoms in adults with CRHR1 risk or protective alleles who have a history of child abuse. (Author Abstract)en_US
dc.identifier.citationBradley, R. G., Binder, E. B., Epstein, M. P., Tang, Y., Nair, H. P., Liu, W., ... & Stowe, Z. N. (2008). Influence of child abuse on adult depression: moderation by the corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene. Archives of general psychiatry, 65(2), 190-200.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2443704/pdf/nihms55849.pdf
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11212/3294
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherArchives of general psychiatryen_US
dc.subjectchild abuseen_US
dc.subjectlong term effectsen_US
dc.subjectpsychological effectsen_US
dc.subjectresearchen_US
dc.titleInfluence of Child Abuse on Adult Depression: Moderation by the Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Geneen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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