Gender (in) differences in prevalence and incidence of traumatic experiences among orphaned and separated children living in five low- and middle-income countries
| dc.contributor.author | Gray, C. L., Pence, B. W., Ostermann, J., Whetten, R. A., O'Donnell, K., Thielman, N. M., & Whetten, K. | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2015-07-24T14:47:18Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2015-07-24T14:47:18Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2015 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Background: Approximately 153 million children worldwide are orphaned and vulnerable to potentially traumatic events (PTEs). Gender differences in PTEs in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are not well-understood, although support services and prevention programs often primarily involve girls. Methods: The Positive Outcomes for Orphans study used a two-stage, cluster-randomized sampling design to identify 2837 orphaned and separated children (OSC) in five LMIC in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. We examined self-reported prevalence and incidence of several PTE types, including physical and sexual abuse, among 2235 children who were ≥10 years at baseline or follow-up, with a focus on gender comparisons. Results: Lifetime prevalence by age 13 of any PTE other than loss of a parent was similar in both boys [91.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) (85.0–95.5)] and girls [90.3% CI (84.2–94.1)] in institutional-based care, and boys [92.0% (CI 89.0–94.2)] and girls [92.9% CI (89.8–95.1)] in family-based care; annual incidence was similarly comparable between institution dwelling boys [23.6% CI (19.1, –29.3)] and girls [23.6% CI (18.6, –30.0)], as well as between family-dwelling boys [30.7% CI (28.0, –33.6)] and girls [29.3% CI (26.8,-32.0)]. Physical and sexual abuse had the highest overall annual incidence of any trauma type for institution-based OSC [12.9% CI (9.6–17.4)] and family-based OSC [19.4% CI (14.5–26.1)], although estimates in each setting were no different between genders. Conclusion: Prevalence and annual incidence of PTEs were high among OSC in general, but gender-specific estimates were comparable. Although support services and prevention programs are essential for female OSC, programs for male OSC are equally important. (Author Abstract | en_US |
| dc.identifier.citation | Gray, C. L., Pence, B. W., Ostermann, J., Whetten, R. A., O'Donnell, K., Thielman, N. M., & Whetten, K. (2015). Gender (in) differences in prevalence and incidence of traumatic experiences among orphaned and separated children living in five low-and middle-income countries. Global Mental Health, 2, e3. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4467827/pdf/nihms687843.pdf | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11212/2367 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Global Mental Health | en_US |
| dc.subject | child abuse | en_US |
| dc.subject | prevalence | en_US |
| dc.subject | research | en_US |
| dc.subject | International Resources | en_US |
| dc.subject | Ethiopia | en_US |
| dc.subject | Cambodia | en_US |
| dc.subject | India | en_US |
| dc.subject | Kenya | en_US |
| dc.subject | Tanzania | en_US |
| dc.title | Gender (in) differences in prevalence and incidence of traumatic experiences among orphaned and separated children living in five low- and middle-income countries | en_US |
| dc.type | Article | en_US |