Are community level prescription opioid overdoses associated with child harm? A spatial analysis of California zip codes, 2001–2011

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dc.contributor.authorWolf, J. P., Ponicki, W. R., Kepple, N. J., & Gaidus, A.
dc.date.accessioned2018-07-11T15:46:41Z
dc.date.available2018-07-11T15:46:41Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.description.abstractBackground Non-medical prescription opioid use is increasing globally within high-income countries, particularly the United States. However, little is known about whether it is associated with negative outcomes for children. In this study, we use prescription opioid overdose as a proxy measure for non-medical prescription opioid use and ask the following: Do California communities with greater rates of non-medical prescription opioid use also have higher rates of child maltreatment and unintentional child injury? Methods We used longitudinal population data to examine ecological associations between hospital discharges involving overdose of prescription opioids and those for child maltreatment or child injury in California zip codes between 2001 and 2011 (n = 18,517 zip-code year units) using Bayesian space-time misalignment models. Results The percentage of hospital discharges involving prescription opioid overdose was positively associated with the number of hospital discharges for child maltreatment (relative rate = 1.089, 95% credible interval (1.004, 1.165)) and child injury (relative rate = 1.055, 95% credible interval (1.012, 1.096)) over the ten-year period, controlling for other substance use and environmental factors. Conclusions Increases in community level prescription opioid overdoses between 2001 and 2011 are associated with a 2.06% increase in child maltreatment discharges and a 1.27% increase in discharges for child injury. Communities with higher rates of non-medical prescription opioid use may experience greater levels of child harms.en_US
dc.identifier.citationWolf, J. P., Ponicki, W. R., Kepple, N. J., & Gaidus, A. (2016). Are community level prescription opioid overdoses associated with child harm? A spatial analysis of California zip codes, 2001–2011. Drug and alcohol dependence, 166, 202-208.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4987103/
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11212/3883
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherDrug and Alcohol Dependenceen_US
dc.subjectprescription opioid overdoseen_US
dc.subjectchild maltreatmenten_US
dc.subjectunintentional injuryen_US
dc.subjectspatial analysisen_US
dc.titleAre community level prescription opioid overdoses associated with child harm? A spatial analysis of California zip codes, 2001–2011en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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