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Body Safety and Cultural Adaptation on Preventing Child Sexual Abuse: A Literature Review of Children's Stories
(Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHES): Conference Series, 2025) Mubarak, H. A., Marmoah, S., & Salimi, M.
In the last two decades in Egypt, there have been several national initiatives to face child sexual abuse; however, sexual abuse rates are still high. Stories can teach sensitive messages in a friendly and safe way to children. A child develops through stories, skills in simulation, and observation, and realizes that they are not alone; there are others like them. The purpose of this study is to review English and Arabic children's stories to define the extent to which they incorporate Islamic culture by analyzing body safety education criteria and cultural adaptation themes. This study conducted a literature review of eight children's stories that address body safety education. To analyze, I generate a new tool, the Culturally Adapted Body Safety Framework (CABSF), which was developed to assess content based on two categories: firstly, 8 criteria of body safety education that include body autonomy, personal boundaries, trusted adults, help-seeking, emotional literacy, empowering messages, anatomically correct language of private parts, and safe vs. unsafe touch. Secondly, Cultural Adaptation incorporates five themes that contain engaging visual narratives, real-world stories, awareness of sexual harassment, Islamic culture, and language. The results indicate that the eight stories lacked Islamic values and narrative elements of a story, but rather served as speeches or advice. Awareness of sexual harassment is implicit, not explicit. This study asserts the tailoring of child sexual abuse prevention stories that are culturally adapted to Egyptian and Muslim cultures.
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Effects of parents' knowledge and attitudes about to child sexual abuse on childhood sexual myths
(Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 2025) Yilmaz, D. A., & Erçelik, Z. E.
Background Child sexual abuse is a serious global public health concern. Parents' myths about sexual abuse may cause the abuse or the abuser to be overlooked. Aim This study aimed to investigate the role of parents' child sexual abuse-related knowledge and attitudes in predicting childhood sexual abuse myths. Methods The study employed a cross-sectional, descriptive design, and the sample consisted of 410 parents. The Information Form and the Parent Form of the Childhood Sexual Abuse Myths Scale (CSAMS) and Child Sexual Abuse Knowledge/Attitude Scale for Parents (CSAKAS) were used for data collection. Results In this study, the mean scores obtained from the CSAKAS and CSAMS were 146.93 ± 14.17 and 32.66 ± 12.34, respectively. The only independent variable with CSAKAS explanatory power was the parents' myths about child sexual abuse. In the models created with this variable, the level of parents' myths about childhood sexual abuse explained approximately 38.1 % of the change in the CSAKAS total score. Conclusion Parents' knowledge and attitudes about child sexual abuse were a negative predictor of myths about childhood sexual abuse. It is very important for parents to be aware of myths about child sexual abuse and to be conscious of sexual abuse in order to prevent such abuse. It is recommended that parents' knowledge/ attitudes should be improved in order to raise their awareness of child abuse. Implications to practice This study shows that improving parents' knowledge and attitudes towards preventing child sexual abuse can play an important role in improving their myths about child sexual abuse.
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Maltreatment-Exposure Screening and Adolescent Mental Health: An Evidence-Based Medicine Perspective on Accuracy and Fairness
(Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 2025) Choi, J. W., & Cohen, J. R.
Universal trauma-informed screening is increasingly recommended across pediatric settings, yet it remains unclear which forms of adversity most accurately and equitably identify youth at risk for psychopathology. In response, the current study tested whether defining maltreatment by cumulative quality (i.e., number of subtypes) versus cumulative frequency (i.e., number of experiences regardless of subtypes), as well as potential differences within each subtype, yielded more accurate and fair predictions of trauma-related psychological distress. Participants included 839 adolescents from the LONGSCAN study (50.5% identified as female; 55.2% identified as Black) who completed self-reports of maltreatment exposure and psychological distress at ages 12, 16, and 18. Statistical accuracy was assessed via statistical discrimination (area-underthe-curve [AUC]) and calibration (Spiegelhalter’s Z; calibration curves), while statistical fairness was evaluated through differences in accuracy across adolescent subgroups (i.e., gender; race/ethnicity). Results across cumulative risk models revealed equivocal results regarding accuracy, while demonstrating important patterns of unfairness. In contrast, analyses by maltreatment subtype identified emotional abuse quality and frequency as both accurate (AUC>0.64; non-significant Spiegelhalter’s Zs; 95% confidence intervals for intercept and slope included 0 and 1, respectively) and statistically fair in identifying concurrent risk for trauma-related distress. Cumulative frequency and emotional abuse frequency also demonstrated accuracy and potential fairness in predicting risk at age 16, whereas no indicators demonstrated clinical utility at age 18. Overall, findings suggest that emotional abuse may be useful in screening for concurrent psychological distress, while adding to the literature questioning the continued reliance on cumulative ACEs scores in clinical and public health contexts.
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Maltreatment-Exposure Screening and Adolescent Mental Health: An Evidence-Based Medicine Perspective on Accuracy and Fairness
(Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 2025) Choi, J. W., & Cohen, J. R.
Universal trauma-informed screening is increasingly recommended across pediatric settings, yet it remains unclear which forms of adversity most accurately and equitably identify youth at risk for psychopathology. In response, the current study tested whether defining maltreatment by cumulative quality (i.e., number of subtypes) versus cumulative frequency (i.e., number of experiences regardless of subtypes), as well as potential differences within each subtype, yielded more accurate and fair predictions of trauma-related psychological distress. Participants included 839 adolescents from the LONGSCAN study (50.5% identified as female; 55.2% identified as Black) who completed self-reports of maltreatment exposure and psychological distress at ages 12, 16, and 18. Statistical accuracy was assessed via statistical discrimination (area-underthe-curve [AUC]) and calibration (Spiegelhalter’s Z; calibration curves), while statistical fairness was evaluated through differences in accuracy across adolescent subgroups (i.e., gender; race/ethnicity). Results across cumulative risk models revealed equivocal results regarding accuracy, while demonstrating important patterns of unfairness. In contrast, analyses by maltreatment subtype identified emotional abuse quality and frequency as both accurate (AUC>0.64; non-significant Spiegelhalter’s Zs; 95% confidence intervals for intercept and slope included 0 and 1, respectively) and statistically fair in identifying concurrent risk for trauma-related distress. Cumulative frequency and emotional abuse frequency also demonstrated accuracy and potential fairness in predicting risk at age 16, whereas no indicators demonstrated clinical utility at age 18. Overall, findings suggest that emotional abuse may be useful in screening for concurrent psychological distress, while adding to the literature questioning the continued reliance on cumulative ACEs scores in clinical and public health contexts.
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Discriminating Childhood Traumatic Experiences by Molecular Profiles: The Case of Neglect and Sexual Abuse
(European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 2025) Pesca, C., Lo Iacono, L., Bussone, S., Comincini, S., Trentini, C., & Carola, V.
Background: Child maltreatment (CM) covers various forms of physical, emotional, and sexual abuse and neglect. Although the scientific literature has extensively documented that exposure to sexual abuse and/or neglect during childhood can cause long-term harm to an individual’s overall well-being, the psycho-biological impact of these specific forms of CM requires further exploration. This pilot study tested the hypothesis that experiencing childhood neglect and sexual abuse are associated with psychological alterations as well as biological alterations, namely blood gene expression changes. Methods: This study encompasses a group of volunteer university students, who completed a battery of questionnaires to evaluate the presence of neglect and sexual abuse experience during childhood (CTQ-SF) and psychological distress (SCL-90-R; BDI-II). Both subsets were compared with control groups. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected from all groups to extract RNA and perform genome wide expression analyses. Results: Neglected and sexually abused individuals showed evidence of biological alterations. Through a genome wide transcriptomic analysis, combined with multivariate nomogram analysis, we identified two groups of 5 genes, the changes in expression of each group identified a subject who experienced either neglect or sexual abuse, with a probability of 95%. Among the first group of genes, the expression of ARMC1 correlated significantly with depressive scores in neglected individuals. Among the second group of genes, the expression of ABTB1 correlated significantly with general psychological distress in sexually abused individuals. Conclusion: These results support that childhood neglect and sexual abuse are associated with gene expression changes and psychological outcomes, underscoring the importance of refining the diagnostic process with more objective screening and assessment tools.

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