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Stability of treatment effects and caregiver-reported outcomes: A meta-analysis of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy for children and adolescents
(Child maltreatment, 2024) Thielemann, J. F. B., Kasparik, B., König, J., Unterhitzenberger, J., & Rosner, R.
The efficacy of trauma-focused treatments for children and adolescents is well researched. However, less is known about the
long-term and caregiver-reported effects. Searched databases were PsychInfo, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, PTSDPubs,
PubMed, Web of Science, and OpenGrey. Treatment effects of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) were
computed at 12-month follow-up with posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) as primary outcome and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and grief as secondary outcomes. Concordance between participant and caregiver ratings were investigated.
TF-CBT showed large improvements across all outcomes from pre-treatment to 12-month follow-up (PTSS: g = 1.71, CI 1.27–
2.15) and favorable results compared to active treatments and treatment as usual at 12-month follow-up (PTSS: g = .35, CI .13–
.56). More pronounced effects were found in group settings. No significant differences were detected between participant and
caregiver ratings with high reliability across almost all outcomes and assessment points. TF-CBT is a reliable treatment for
pediatric PTSS and secondary symptoms with stable results at 12-month follow-up.
A randomized controlled study of trauma focused cognitive behavioural therapy compared to enhanced treatment as usual with patients in child mental health care traumatized from family violence
(Children and Youth Services Review, 2023) Hultmann, O., Broberg, A. G., & Axberg, U.
Purpose
This study compared the effectiveness of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) and enhanced treatment as usual (eTAU) in children and adolescents exposed to family violence and receiving mental health services.
Methods
A total of 89 children, aged 5 to 17 years, with severe trauma symptoms participated with their non-offending caregiver in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing TF-CBT and eTAU. Children were assigned a DSM-IV diagnosis at treatment start and after 6 months. Self-reported trauma symptoms and parental reports of children’s psychological well-being and their own psychological symptoms were obtained at treatment start and after 6 and 12 months. Intention-to-treat analyses were performed, and the reliable change index was calculated.
Results
Reports from children, parents, and clinicians showed a statistically significant reduction in trauma and other mental health symptoms among children in both the TF-CBT and eTAU groups, with no statistically significant between-group differences. Trauma symptoms and other mental health symptoms decreased, with small to medium effects after both 6 and 12 months. Clinically significant change in core symptoms was however documented in less than half of the sample. Parents’ self-reported psychiatric and trauma symptoms showed small reductions in both groups, with no between-group differences.
Conclusions
Contrary to findings in prior RCTs, TF-CBT did not significantly outperform the control treatment (eTAU). The non-significant between-group findings and modest positive changes for individuals in both groups may be explained by the multi-traumatized study population, the treatment delivery, and/or the study design.
Tip Sheet: Family Safety Planning for Parents of Children with Disabilities
(Stop it Now!, 2024) Stop it Now!
Creating a family safety plan is a good place to start when thinking about how to keep your child safe from sexual harm or abuse. All children, by virtue of their size and development, are vulnerable to sexual abuse. Children with disabilities are often more vulnerable. By being proactive about safety, there are many ways to reduce your child’s vulnerability and keep your child safe. Be sure your Family Safety Plan addresses the needs of all members of your family, not just your child with a disability.
Meaghan Danby Collection: A bibliography
(National Children'a Advocacy Center, 2024) National Children'a Advocacy Center
This collection is comprised of publications authored by noted researcher Dr. Meaghan Danby. Dr. Danby is a lecturer and researcher specializing in interviewing techniques to appropriately support young children’s memory during police interviews. She completed her PhD examining child interviewing strategies in 2016. Since then, she has continued to research techniques that encourage full and accurate accounts from children, as well as other related issues such as the credibility of child witnesses, and adult interviewing techniques. Dr Danby is an experienced interview trainer who has worked nationally and internationally to deliver expert training on interviewing.
Publications include articles, book chapters, reports, and research briefs and are listed in date descending order. Links are provided to full text publications when possible. However, this collection may not be complete. More information can be obtained in the Child Abuse Library Online.
Valence, implicated actor, and children's acquiescence to false suggestions
(Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 2016) Cleveland, K. C., Quas, J. A., & Lyon, T. D.
Although adverse effects of suggestive interviewing on children's accuracy are well documented, it remains unclear as to whether these effects vary depending on the valence of and the actor implicated in suggestions. In this study, 124 3-8-year-olds participated in a classroom activity and were later questioned about positive and negative false details. The interviewer provided positive reinforcement when children acquiesced to suggestions and negative feedback when they did not. Following reinforcement or feedback, young children were comparably suggestible for positive and negative details. With age, resistance to suggestions about negative details emerged first, followed by resistance to suggestions about positive details. Across age, more negative feedback was required to induce acquiescence to negative than positive false details. Finally, children were less willing to acquiesce when they (versus the confederate) were implicated. Findings highlight the interactive effects of valence and children's age on their eyewitness performance in suggestive contexts.