The association of depression with child abuse among Indonesian adolescents
Date
2020
Journal Title
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Publisher
BMC Pediatrics
Abstract
Background: Depression is one of the most prevalent mental health problems among adolescents. Mental health
problems might be the result of child abuse considering that their prevalences are increasing simultaneously in
Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the association between depression and a history of abuse
among adolescents.
Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on 786 junior high school students from Bandung City,
West Java, Indonesia. Subjects were selected using two-stage cluster sampling. The Children’s Depression Inventory
(CDI) and the ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool (ICAST) questionnaires were applied to assess depression and a
history of abuse, respectively. Depression was diagnosed by a psychiatrist after a positive score on the CDI. The data
were analysed using chi-square tests and multiple regression.
Results: A history of child abuse was associated with depression in adolescents. All dimensions of child abuse had
a significant association with depression. Psychological violence had the highest risk factor for the occurrence of
depression (PR = 6.51), followed by exposure to violence and physical violence. Sexual violence was not a common
dimension of child abuse among students. Psychological violence had the strongest association with depression,
and victims were three times more likely to develop depression (POR = 3.302, p = 0.004).
Conclusion: Psychological violence was proven to be a strong risk factor for developing depression symptoms
among adolescent students. While each victimization domain remained a significant predictor of depression, the
experience of multiple domains during a child’s life-course may predict mental health risk. Early detection and
interventions to prevent abuse and its consequences are critical.
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Keywords
child abuse, adolescents, depression, Indonesia
Citation
Dhamayanti, M., Noviandhari, A., Masdiani, N., Pandia, V., & Sekarwana, N. (2020). The association of depression with child abuse among Indonesian adolescents. BMC pediatrics, 20(1), 1-6.