Examining the dimensional structure models of secondary traumatic stress based on DSM-5 symptoms
Date
2017
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Asian Journal of Psychiatry
Abstract
Latent factor structure of Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS) has been examined using Diagnostic Statistic
Manual-IV (DSM-IV)’s Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) nomenclature. With the advent of Diagnostic
Statistic Manual-5 (DSM-5),there is an impending need to reexamine STS using DSM-5 symptoms in light
of the most updated PTSD models in the literature. The study investigated and determined the best fitted
PTSD models using DSM-5 PTSD criteria symptoms. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to
examine model fit using the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale in 241 registered and practicing Filipino
nurses (166 females and 75 males) who worked in the Philippines and gave direct nursing services to
patients. Based on multiple fit indices, the results showed the 7-factor hybrid model, comprising of
intrusion, avoidance, negative affect, anhedonia, externalizing behavior, anxious arousal, and dysphoric
arousal factors has excellent fit to STS. This model asserts that: (1) hyperarousal criterion needs to be
divided into anxious and dysphoric arousal factors; (2) symptoms characterizing negative and positive
affect need to be separated to two separate factors, and; (3) a new factor would categorize externalized,
self-initiated impulse and control-deficit behaviors. Comparison of nested and non-nested models
showed Hybrid model to have superior fit over other models. The specificity of the symptom structure of
STS based on DSM-5 PTSD criteria suggests having more specific interventions addressing the more
elaborate symptom-groupings that would alleviate the condition of nurses exposed to STS on a daily
basis.
© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Description
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Article
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Keywords
Confirmatory factor analysis, Filipino nurses, Hybrid, secondary traumatic stress, DSM-5, International Resources, Philippines
Citation
Mordeno, I. G., Go, G. P., & Yangson-Serondo, A. (2017). Examining the dimensional structure models of secondary traumatic stress based on DSM-5 symptoms. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 25, 154-160.